心率检测系统的设计论文
心率检测系统的设计论文，ti杯电子设计大赛优秀论文右手接至低通前置放大电路滤波器输左手入端共模电压右腿驱动屏蔽动右腿退导联屏蔽线图2前置放人电路框图1)前賢放大调理针对心电信号高增益,高输入阻抗,高垬模抑訇比,低噪声,低漂移和合适带宽的采集要求,采用仪表放大器,以获得良好的综合性能。所以采用仪用放大器AD620只要用只外接电阻便可设置放大器的增益,增益G为494人R2)右腿驱动电路将右腿连接到一个辅助的运算放大器的输出端,把混杂于原始心电信号中的共模噪声提取出来,经过一级倒相放大后,再返回到人体,使它们相互叠加,从而减小人体共模干扰的绝对值,提高信噪比。本电路采用高精度运算放大器O217。通过这个负反馈结构,可大大抑制测量过程屮前置敚大器输入端共模电压的影响。此外,右腿驱动电路还可以提供电气上的安全性。3)屏蔽驱动电路屏蔽驱动器是一个同相电压跟随器,将放大器的输出端和屏蔽相连,将屏蔽线和地隔开,并且对于50Ⅳz的共模干扰信号来说,从人体输入的两路信号是相等的导联线和屏蔽线之间的电压差为0,从而消除了其间的电容,提高了输入电路的阻抗,降低人与地之间的漏电流。如图3所小220kTT1点2R图3带屏蔽驱动、右腿驱动的前置放大调理电路经过前置放大器后心电信号被放大的倍数为49.4KG=1+51IK∥(24.9K+24.9K)(2)高通滤波电路的设计电极与皮肤表面之间容易产生直流偏压,为了消除这部分的干扰,需要采取高通滤波电路图4所示予以滤除,其截止频率为≈0.5Hz2丌√RR,CC22x√22X×47K×101×10U4BQPZITT图4二阶高通滤波电路(3)低通滤波电路的设计噪声来源一类是各种电子设备辐射出的高频噪声,一类是市电的50z噪声。通常情况下后者影响尤为明显。对这些噪声的滤波需要用到滤波器。低通滤波器(电路图如图5)通常情况下截止频率选择在100Hz以下。低通截止频率为2兀√RR1CC42√24K×24K×0.047×Dm≈100H2T745TQP2171图5二阶低通滤波电路(4)50Hz陷波电路的设计为了去除人体或测试系统中产生的工频50Hz干扰34,需用带阻滤波器加以抑制。我们采用心电测量没备当前普煸采用的双T陷波电路滤除工频干扰,其参数计R算公式为:2可C其中f为滤去频率,如图6所小。USD图650Hz陷波电路(5)后置放大电路及抬升电路的设计因为wsP430F169模数转换器的范围为0~2.5V,所以要对采集的心电信号进行拾升如此在实现后置放大的过程中,既要考虑信号中平的提升,又要实现信号的放大。放大器芯片用INA217。具体电路如图7所示图7后置放大发抬升电路放大倍数为:G=110K10KRIK抬升电路有对放大信号拾升了1.25V(6)电源电路的设计电源电路的设计是由电平转换器760,线性调节器MX8511,电压基准REF3025及电池盒组成,如图8所示电源电路图8电源电路31.3元件的布局和PCB板的设计在PCB板中,包含多种类型的电路,为了避免各部分电路中信号相互耦合而生千扰,对不同类型的电路部分进行分离布局是PCB板设计的一个基本原则。各部分之间不仅应保持相当距离,还要分开走线。电源系统的布线包括电源线VDD和地线vSs的布线,是系统抗干扰的个重要部分。VDD和wSS应尽可能扩大面积,以防止因电磁能量较强而产生电磁干扰能量的发射,这也是保证高频信号到地之间具有低阻抗的措施3.2软件设计软件设计的关键是对MSP430F169的控制以及LCD显示。所有软件均采用C语言绽写。软件实现的功能是QRS波检测并算出心率,LCD显小波形以及SD卡存储3.2.1软件流程系统软件部分流程图9如下所示,开关按键按下后,屏幕显示L0GO图(江苏省TⅠ杯电子设计大赛),通过对各模块的初始化后,由中断定时服务实现对心电信号QRS波检测,心率计算,波形回放。系统初始化A/D采集LCG0显示N按键显示模块初始化
- 2020-12-01下载
- 积分：1
wifi 802.11n 协议标准
wifi 802.11n 协议标准Contents2. Normative references ........................................................................................................................... 13. Definitions ...........................................................................................................EEE Std802.11n"-2009(Amendment to ieEE Std 802.11-2007as amended by ieee std 802. 11k-2008EEE Std80211r-2008, EE Std802.11y-2008,and IEEE Std 802. 11w-2009)EEE Standard forInformation technology-Telecommunications and informationexchange between systems-Local and metropolitan area networks-Specific requirementsPart 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC)and Physical Layer(PHY SpecificationsAmendment 5: Enhancements for HigherThroughputSponsorLANIMAN Standards committeeof theIEEE Computer SocietyApproved 11 September 2009IEEE-SA Standards boardAbstract: This amendment defines modifications to both the IEEE 802 1 1 physical layer(PHY)andthe IEEE 802 11 medium access control (MAC) sublayer so that modes of operation can be enabledthat are capable of much higher throughputs, with a maximum throughput of at least 100 Mb/s, asmeasured at the Mac data service access point (SAP)Keywords: high throughput, MAC, medium access control, MIMO, MIMO-OFDM, multiple inputmultiple output, PHY, physical layer, radio, wireless local area network, WLANThe Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue New york NY 10016-5997 USACopyright@ 2009 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IncAll rights reserved. Published 30 October 2009. Printed in the United States of AmericaIEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent Trademark Office, owned by the Institute of Electrical and ElectronicsEngineers, IncorporatedPDFSBN978-0-7381-60467STD95961Print:|SBN9780-7381-6047-4STDPD95961No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the priorwritten permission of the publisherIEEE Standards documents are developed within the ieee Societies and the standards Coordinating Committees ofthe IEee Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. The ieee develops its standards through a consensusdevelopment process, approved by the American National Standards Institute, which brings together volunteersrepresenting varied viewpoints and interests to achieve the final product. Volunteers are not necessarily members of theInstitute and serve without compensation. While the ieee administers the process and establishes rules to promotefairness in the consensus development process, the ieee does not independently evalof any of the information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standar uate, test, or verify the accuracyUse of an IEEE Standard is wholly voluntary. The ieee disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or otherdamage, of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectlyresulting from the publication, use of, or reliance upon this, or any other iEFF Standard documentThe ieee does not warrant or represent the accuracy or content of the material contained herein, and expresslydisclaims any express or implied warranty, including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a specificpurpose, or that the use of the material contained herein is free from patent infringement. IEEE Standards docunentsare supplied‘ASIS.The existence of an IEEE Standard does not imply that there are no other ways to produce, test, measure, purchasemarket, or provide other goods and services related to the scope of the ieee Standard. Furthermore, the vintexpressed at the time a standard is approved and issued is subject to change brought about through developments in thetate of the art and comments received from users of the standard. Every ieee standard is subjected to review at leastevery five years for revision or reaffirmation, or every ten years for stabilization. When a document is more than fiverears old and has not been reaffirmed, or more than ten years old and has not been stabilized, it is reasonable toconclude that its contents, although still of some value, do not wholly reflect the present state of the art. Users arecautioned to check to determine that they have the latest edition of any IEEE StandardIn publishing and making this document available, the IEee is not suggesting or rendering professional or othcrservices for, or on behalf of, any person or entity. Nor is the IEEE undertaking to perform any duty owed by any otherperson or entity to another. Any person utilizing this, and any other IEEE Standards document, should rely upon his orher independent judgment in the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances or, as appropriate, seek theadvice of a competent professional in deternining the appropriateness of a given IEEE standardInterpretations: Occasionally questions may arise regarding the meaning of portions of standards as they relate tospecific applications. When the need for interpretations is brought to the attention of IEEE, the Institute will initiateaction to prepare appropriate responses. Since IEFF Standards represent a consensus of concerned interests, itimportant to ensure that any interpretation has also received the concurrence of a balance of interests. For this reason,IEEE and the members of its societies and Standards Coordinating Committees are not able to provide an instantresponse to interpretation requests except in those cases where the matter has previously received formal considerationA statement, written or oral, that is not processed in accordance with the IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manualshall not be considered the official position of ieee or any of its committees and shall not be considered to be, nor berelied upon as, a formal interprctation of the IEEE. At lectures, symposia, seminars, or educational courses, anindividual presenting information on IEEE standards shall make it clear that his or her views should be considered thepersonal views of that individual rather than the formal position, explanation, or interpretation of the IeEeComments for revision of IEEE Standards are welcome from any interested party, regardless of membership affiliationwith IEEE. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of a proposed change of text, together withappropriate supporting comments. Recommendations to change the status of a stabilized standard should include atonale as to why a revision or withdrawal is required. Comments on standards and requests for interpretations shouldbe submitted to the following addressSecretary, IEEE-SA Standards board445 Hoes lanePiscataway, NJ 08854USAAuthorization to photocopy portions of any individual standard for internal or personal use is granted by The Instituteof Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc, provided that the appropriate fee is paid to Copyright Clearance CenterTo arrange for payment of licensing fee, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, Customer Service, 222 RosewoodDrive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; +1978750 8400 PerImission lo photocopy portions of any individual standard foreducational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance CenterIntroductionThis introduction is not part of IEee Std 802. 11n-2009, IEEE Standard for Information technology-Telecommunications and information exchange between systems--Local and metropolitan networks--Specifirequirements-Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control(MAC) and Physical Layer(PHY) SpecificationsAmendment 5: Enhancements for Higher ThroughputThis amendment specifies enhancements to IEEE 802. 11 physical layer(PHY)and medium access control(MAC) sublayer to provide modes of operation with useful data rates substantially higher than thosepreviously available. Significantly higher IEEE 802. 11 wireless local area network(WLAN) throughput isexpected to improve user experiences for current applications and to enable new applications and marketsegmentsNotice to usersLaws and requlationsUsers of these documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with theprovisions of this standard does not imply compliance to any applicable regulatory requirementsImplementers of the standard are responsible for observing or referring to the applicable regulatoryrequirements. iEEE does not, by the publication of its standards, intend to urge action that is not incompliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so on that is not inCopyrightsThis document is copyrighted by the Ieee. It is made available for a wide variety of both public and privateuses.These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulationstandardization, and the promotion of engineering practices and methods. By making this documentavailable for use and adoption by public authorities and private users, the ieee does not waive any rights incopyright to this documentUpdating of IEEE documentsUsers of ieFF standards should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any time by theissuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through the issuance of amendments,corrigenda, or errata. An official ieee document at any point in time consists of the current edition of thedocument together with any amendments corrigenda or errata then in effect In order to determine whethera given document is the current edition and whether it has been amended through the issuance ofamendmentscorrigendaorcrrata,visittheIeeEStandardsAssociationwebsiteathttp://ieeexplore. ieee. org/xpl/standards. jsp or contact the iEee at the address listed previously.For more information about the IEEE Standards Association or the Ieee standards development process,visittheIeeE-sawebsiteathttp://standards.ieeeorgErrataErrata,ifanyforthisandallotherstandardscanbeaccessedatthefollowingUrl:http://standards. ieee. org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index. html. Users are encouraged to check this URL forta periodicallyInterpretationsCurrentinterpretationscanbeaccessedatthefollowingUrl:http://standards.ieeeorg/reading/ieee/interp/index htmlCopyright C 2009 IEEE. All rights reservedPatentsAttention is called to the possibility that implementation of this amendment may require use of subjectmatter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to theexistence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. a patent holder or patent applicant hasfiled a statement of assurance that it will grant licenses under these rights without compensation or underreasonable rates, with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfairdiscrimination to applicants desiring to obtain such licenses. Other Essential Patent Claims may exist forwhich a statement of assurance has not been received. The Ieee is not responsible for identifying EssentialPatent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scopeof Patents Claims, or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions are reasonable or nondiscriminatory. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any patentrights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further informationmay be obtained from the ieee Standards associationParticipantsWhen this amendment was sent to sponsor ballot, the IEEe 802. 11 Working Group had the followingofficersBruce P. Kraemer, ChairJon Walter Rosdahl, Vice Chair; Treasurer; and Chair, Task Group mbAdrian P. Stephens Vice chairStephen McCann, Secretary and Chair, Publicity standing Committee and Task group uTerry L. Cole, Technical Editor and Assigned Number AuthorityTeik-Kheong Tan, Chair, Wireless Next Generation Standing CommitteeDavid Bagby, Chair, Architecture Standing CommitteeBruce p. kraemer Co-Chair IMT-Advanced ad hoc commiteeLee armstrong, Chair, Task Group pDonald E Eastlake Ill, Chair;, Task Group sNeeraj Sharna, Chair, Task group lDorothy V. Stanley, Chair, Task Group v and IETF Ad hoc CommitteeJesse Walker, Chair. cTl Ad hoc committeePeter Ecclesine, Chair, Task group yMenzo Wentink, Chair, Task group zGancsh Venkatesan, Chair, Task Group aaEldad Perahia, Chair, Very High Throughput Study groupDarwin Enger, Co-Chair. IMT-Advanced ad hoc committeeWhen this amendment was sent to sponsor ballot, Task Group n had the following officersBruce P Kraemer. chairSILi. vice chairGarth Hillman and Jon Walter Rosdahl, SecretaryAdrian P. Stephens, Technical editorWhen this amendment was sent to sponsor ballot, the IEeE 802. 1l Working Group had the followingmembershiOsama S. aboulmagdMalik audchAmit bansalTomoko adachiCcrt A, awatoJohn. barrAlok aggarwalDavid bagbGal bassonCarlAldanaMichael bahrussa BavafaThomas AlexanderFan baiTuncer BaykasLee r. ArmstrongGabor BaikoJohn L. BenkoAlex ashleyDennis j. bakerMathilde benvenisteCopyright C 2009 IEEE. All rights reservedBiorn A. berkeRobert Y huangChiu ngoDaniel borgesDavid hunterEero nikulaAnthony braskichYasuhiko inoueRichardH. noensJoseph brennanAkio isoHideaki odagiriDavid britzJunghoon JeeJisung OhG. BumillerHongseok JeonChandra s. olsonNancy Cam-WingetYeonkwon JeongYouko omorNecati CanpolatJorjeta G JetchevaSatoshi oyamaJavier cardonaLusheng jiRichard H. PaineDouglas s ChanDaniel JiangAuld. palaniveluClint F. ChaplinPadam AflChangmin ParkCarl W. KainJungsoo parkMinho CheongNaveen K KakanMinyoung ParkMasato katoⅤ ijaykumar PatelNakjungDouglas KanBcminih. peirisLiwen chuRichard H. KennedyEldad perahiaTerry L. ColeJohn KenneJames e. petranovichRyon K. ColemanStuart 3. KerryAl PetrickCharles IJoonsuk kinFahd pirzadaTodor CooklevKyeongpyo KimJames d. portaroXavier p CostaSeong S. kimHenry s. PtasinskiDavid E CypherYongsan KimRene purnadiMarc de courvilleJarkko kneckChang w. PyoRolf J de vegtMark m. kobayashiEmily H QiTheodorus denteneerFumihide KojimaLuke QianJeremy de vriesTom KolzeHuyu QuSusan DickeyBruccp KJim e raabZhiming DingJohannes P KruysⅤ nuth raiYoshiharu doThomas KuehnelAli RaissiniaJohn dorseyThomas m. KuriharaHarish ramamurthyRoger P durandStephen G raymentSrinivasa duvvuriEdwin kwonLeonid razoumovDonald e. eastlakeZhou lanIvan reePeter Ecclesiaejeremy A landtEdward reussMichael ellisJoseph P. lauerAlex reznikStephen P. EmeottTae H. LeeRandal roebuckMarc emmelmannWooyoung leeJon walter rosdahlDarwin EngwerJoseph levyRichard royJoseph epsteinSheung liAlexander safonovⅤ inko ercegPaul linKazuyuki sakodaLars p. falkIlang liuHemanth sampathRobert fanfcllMichael livshitzKatsuyoshi SatoStefan fechterPeter LocHirokazu sawadaPaul h. feinberDaniel lubarDon schultzMatthew FischerAnthony f. maidaYongho SeokWayne k. FisherJakub majkowskiHuairong shaoRoberta fracchiAlastair MalarkyNeeraj sharmaRyuhei FundaJouni K. malinenStephen J ShellhammerMatthew gastAlexander maltsevlan SherlockJames p gilbBill marshallKai shiJeffrey gilbertRoman m. maslennikovShusaku shimadaReinhard GlogerSudheer mattaFrancois simonDavid goodallStephen Mc cannHarkirat SinghTugrul guenerJustin p mcnewGraham K. SmithJianlin gven meseckeMatt smithMark hamiltonRobert r. millerYoo-Seung SongC.J. HanseMichael monteKapil seBrian d. hartRajendra T. moortiVinay SridharaAmer A haHitoshi moriokaDorothy stanleⅤ egard hasselPeter MurrayAdrian P. StephensRobert f heileAndrew milesDavid S Stephenson〔 undo r. HertzRohit nabarCarl R. StevensonJunling hiJohn stineWendong huKengo nagataGuenaelt strutCopyright C 2009 IEEE. All rights reservedChin s SumGanesh VenkateHarry R. worstellEiji TakagiDalton t.Ⅴ ictorPengfei xiaMineo takaiGeorge A. vlantisAkira yamadaTcik-Khcong TanCssc r. walkerTakeshi yamamotoAllan thomsonunlWangmoya yamauraJerry thrasherngEric okuboCraig d. WarrenSu K. YongAlexander TolpinFujio WatanabeSeiji YoshioJason trachewskyPatrick WayeChristopher YoungSolomon b. traininMenzo m. wentinkArtur zaksRichard D. Van NeeFrank whettenHongyuan zhangAllert van zelstKyle williamsHuimin zhangMathieuⅤ arlet-AndmJames worshamJing zhiPrabodh varshneyJuan ZunigaContributions to this amendment was received from the following individualsBill ablⅵ inko ErcegPatrick labbeSantosh abrahamMustafa rozJoseph lauerTomoko adachiStefan fechterDongjun leeDmitry akhmetovPaul feinbergLin-Nan leeCarlos aldanaMatthew fischereeDave andrusGuido frederiksSok-kyu LeeMicha anholtTakashi FukagawaZhongding leiTsuguhide AokiPatrick FungJoseph levyYusuke asarEdoardo gallizioScott leyonhjelGeert awaterJames gardnerPen liDavid BaDevis gattSheung LiRaja banerjeaDavid HedbergYuan liKaberi banerieeGarth hillmanKevin liaoAmit bansalJin-Meng hoIsaac limGal bassonDale hocevarAlfred linAnui batraLouise hooAlbert liuJohn benkoMuhammad akramDer-Zheng liuMathilde benvenisteYasuhiko inoueMichael livshitzBjorn BjerkeKaz ishidaYufei BlakenshipTakashi ishidoshiroPeter LojkoDaniel borgesLakshmi lyerHui-Ling LouDouglas chanEric JacobsonAdina matacheJerry ChangYuh-Ren jauhLaurent mazetJohn ChangTaehyun JeonWilliam mcfarlandJeng-Hong ChenJari JokelaDarren mcnamaraStephen ChenVKJonesIrina medvedevYi-Ming ChenPadam AflArnaud meylanPei-ju ChiangNaveen KakaniMorgan mikFrancois chinSriniavs kandalaSeungwook minWoon Hau ChinAteet KapurPatrick mo上 mily chouAssaf KasherAndy molischLiwen chuMasato katoR. Tushar moortiKeith ChuggJohn KetchumMike moretonBrian ClassonJoonsuk KYuichi moriokaSean CoffeyPansop KimMarkus muckGabriella convertinoYoungsoo KimSyed Aon mujtabaMarc de courvilleGuenter KleindlAndrew mylesRolf de vegtKiyotaka KobayashiRohit nabarFranz dielacherCenk Koselhasa NagaiYoshiharu doiBruce p KraemerKengo NagataJohn deThomas KuehnelSeigo NakaodouglasTakushi KunihiroSanjiv nandaPeter ecclesiaeJoe KwakChiu nDarwin EngwerJoseph kwakAjit NimbalkerLeonid epsteinEdwin kwonGunnar NitscheCopyright C 2009 IEEE. All rights reservedHuaning NiuErik SchylanderRichard van neeIvan oakesMichael sealsNico van waesYoshihiro ohtanilual-Rong ShaoAllert van zelstEric OjardSuman sharmaAndres vila casadoTakeshi onizawaSteve shellhammerGeorgeⅵ lantisJob oostveenIan SherlockTimothy WakeleyFabio osnatoMasaaki shidaJesse walkerKafle padamTakashi shonoBrad wallacePratima paiSebastien SimoensMark wallaceArul palaniveluMassimiliano sitiRod waltonSubra parameswaraDoug SmithQi WThomas pareMatt smithXiaowen WangJean-Noel PatillonAmjadDeric WatersWei-Chung PengRobert staceyMark WebsterEldad perahiaAdrian P. StephensMenzo WentinkJim petranovichRichard WeseKrishna madhavan pillaiVictor StolpmanMike WilhoyteMadhavan pillaiSumei sunTimothy WongAngelo PoloniXiantao sunJames WoodyattNeeraj poojaryShravan surineniHenry ptasinskiIlan sutskoverAriton XhafaAleksandar PurkovicEiji Takagio xiaLuke oianMasahiro takasTomoya YamauraAli RaissiniaSeiichiro TakahashiEric YangSthanunathan ramakrishnanDaisuke takedaWen-Chang YehHarish RamamurthyTeik-Kheong TanChristopher YoungSridhar rameshYasuhiro TanakaHeejung YuRaffaele rivaStephan ten brinkArtur ZaksJon walter rosdahlGanesan ThiagarajanEldad zeiraStephanie Rouquette-LeveilEric OkuboHongyuan zhaMike rudeTim TowellJin ZhangJohn sadowskiJason trachewskyNing ZhangAtul salhotraSolomon traininQuan ZhouVincenzo scarpaDavid tungJohnny ZweigDonald schultzStefano valleJim syrenThe following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this amendment. Balloters may havevoted for approval, disapproval, or abstentionOsama aboulmagdBill cannonSouray duttaTomoko adachiJing CaoRichard eckardAlok AggarwalEdward CarlesCarl EklundThomas alexandeJames CarloStephen emeottRichard AlvinJuan CarreonMarc emmelmannEdward ChalfDarwin EngwcButch AntonDouglas s ChanJoseph epsteinDanilo antonelliKuor-Hsin ChangRobert fanfelleClint ChaplinShahin FarahaniDavid BagbyWei-Peng ChenShulan FengGabor BaikoYung-Mu ChenOddgeir FikstvedtMatthew ballHong ChengMatthew fischerRaja banerjeaAik ChindapoPrince francisVered BKeith ChowAvraham FreedmanJohn barrLiwen ChuDevon gaylePhilip beecherRyon ColemanMichael GeipelMathilde benvenisteCharles cookTheodore Georgantasharry bimsTodor CookiePieter -Paul giesbertsBjorn BjerkeHelge CowardJames gilbMonique brownJoseph decuirReinhard glogerRussell dietzMariana goldhamerWilliam byrdThomas dineenScrgiu gomaPctcr. calderonJohn dorseyDavid goodallCopyright C 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved
- 2021-05-06下载
- 积分：1
|
联系客服（QQ：3324461878）
