程序员必读的职业生涯规划书【精品】.pdf
程序员是一种逻辑动物，只有当他们理解求职到底是一种什么行为以后，才能做出有意义的行动。 所以本书不讲职场、不灌鸡汤，从价值论开始，以独创的职业画布工具展开，从四大象限、九大方面为你讲解。 有果更有因、有理更有据，分析数据、简历模板、书写工具、技能树图一应俱全，实为程序员们应该人手一本的职业规划书。原理篇我之所以会去研究求职,以至于最后在人才这个方向创业,很大程度上是因为以前所有的求职指导都是经验论,缺乏逻辑性。而程序员是一种逻辑动物,只有当他们理解求职到底是一种什么行为以后,才能做出有意义的行动。我花了很久去寻找背后的理论支持,直到我重逢了价值论。原理篇从价值理论开始,讲述我们求职行为的本质。价值论人才的使用价值供需信息透明度交薪资换雇主价值自从中国转冋市场经济以后,市场规则就开始左右一切。虽然人才不完全等同于其他物品,但现在先让我们把人才也作为一类商品来看待。使用价值除了我们这些做人力资源相关行业的公司外,绝大部分公司购买人才都是为了使用,所以他们看中的是其使用价值。这个使用价值说得更直白一点,就是人才如何直接或者间接的为公司挣钱。使用价值不是独立存在的,而是相对于使用者存在。所以我们程序员自己的价值,也是相对于公司而言的。有同学说,我技术很好啊,又会机器学习又会编译原理,凭什么那些写 Javascript的薪水比我高一倍?谁让你在一家建站公司上班呢。对一家做网站的公司而言,机器学习和编译原理是不能为它带来收益的,而 Javascript写成的带有完美动画的交互组件却能实实在在的拉升公司产品的销售。而同样是这个人,如果他去一家以大数据分析为核心业务的公司工作,那么他的价值就不样了。所以你的价值,和你牛不牛无关,只和你能为你的雇主提供多少价值有关。(当然,大多数情况下,你能力越牛越能提供更多价值。)这是最根本的规则。增加自己的使用价值很简单,提升自己的业务能力就好。供需有个80后自嘲的段子是这么说的读小学时,大学不要钱;读大学时,小学不要钱;还没工作时,工作是分配的;可以工作时,得自谋职业;没挣钱时,房子是分配的;能挣钱时,发现一辈子的薪水也买不起房子。我不知道国内人才市场是什么时侯市场化的,就算成悲催的80后开始工作时吧。人才市场化意味着你有了选择公司的权利,同时也意味着公司有了选择你的权利。这个时候,交换价值就出来了。虽然交换价值以使用价值为基础,但它更容易受供需的影响简单的说,当企业的职位空缺远少于找工作的人数时,人才的价格就会下降;而当企业的职位空缺比找工作的人数更多时,人才的价格就会上升。在过去相当长时间里,我们都处于前一种情况。这意味着求职者要彼此竞争,而招聘方可以选择要价更低的候选人。这在大家大学毕业找工作时应该深有体会。幸运的是,供需也是可以调整的,技巧就在于选择更好的细分市场。因为需求的多样性是存在的,所以如果你能在一个大的需求中切入一个需大大大于求的细分市场,那么你就能得到远高于其他人的回报。举个例子,同样是管服务器,普通运维工程师和云计算运维工程师的薪资差异是非常大的。一个普通运维要变成云计算运维,需要补充的知识并不是特别多。所以你只要合理安排好自己的职业规划,比如以相对较低的薪资到类似新浪云这样的地方工作一到两年,你的能力和交换价值都会大幅度提升。信息透明度当人才市场很小的时候,信息是很透明的。因为很容易了解到各自的情况。但当信息量变大后,你就会发现虽然整个市场很大,但只有你接触到的才对你有意义。比如北京现在有100家公司都在招聘PHP,但你只知道其中3家,这个时候,其他97家公司的存在对你而言是没有意义的,即使这3家给你的薪资比其他公司低,你也只能被迫接受。这就是信息透明度对我们求职的影响。没有网络招聘的时候,我们很难对这些公司进行比较,折腾过几家公司后,就屈服了。有了网络招聘,求职者活得稍微好一些了,可以不岀门看到全国的招聘情况;但Jobboard形式的招聘站是为招聘方设计的,它们通过构造信息不对称,向求职者优先显示那些付费却未必最好的公司,迫使求职者以更低的薪资为这些可见的公司工作。(这无可厚非,所有中介体都是通过信息不对称来收费的)所以要想拿到足够好的薪资和获得足够多的机会,我们要学会和信息不对称进行抗争。定要在短时间内获取到大量的机会,这样才能「做选择题」而不是「做判断题」。关于如何改变信息不对称,操作篇中的「渠道」部分我们会详细说明。跳槽不是什么跳槽不是为了追求价值最大化虽然前边我们从纯商业的角度讨论了跳槽这件事,但实际上我们并不推荐求职者单纯地通过薪资的高低来选择雇主。原因有两个。工作是生活的一部分你每天有24小时,上班8小时,它是你三分之一的生命。如果你只是因为高薪选择了一家上班不开心的公司,那么接下来三分之一的日子你都会在痛苦中渡过。而你得到的,只是多出来的那么每月几千块钱而已。职业的不可逆性别的事情错了我们可以重来,而职业选择上,每一步都是好几年的时光。一旦走下去,就很难回头,因为一旦换职业方向、哪怕换个开发语言,都意味着你之前的积累很可能前功尽弃。所以眼光放长远点,不要只看眼前的高薪,更要看好未来的发展,方向错了,跑得越猛输得越狠。跳槽不是找工作跳槽不是找工作,而是换工作。所以它和你刚毕业时找工作不一样,它是有成本的到一家新的公司,需要放弃原来公司的期权,需要重新熟悉业务,重新和同事搞好人际关系,上班路上需要花更多的时间,甚至需要离开自己熟悉的城市。你并不是一无所有,虽然往往只有在你失去后才发现。所以跳槽之前要考虑好自己的付出和收益:衡量好得失:没事别裸辞。跳槽不是加薪的砝码不要以跳槽为砝码去谈加薪,这种迫胁性的谈薪资方式会使主管对你丧失信仼。不管涨薪成不成功,他都不得不为你的离职做好准备,而当准备完成后,你就可以走人了。类似的,当你提珧槽时,如果你的主管通过加薪来挽留你,最好也不要同意。程序员如何谈薪资如果你对现在公司很满意,只是觉得薪资大低,那么可以先和你的主管聊聊我一般这么谈加薪的首先,讲一讲自己最近在工作上的成长,看主管是否认同;●然后,从能力提升角度,向主管要一个更大的发展空间和更大的业务挑战;最后,问问当你的能力达到这个新的水平时,蒜资是否可以同步提升起来。这样谈有几个好处:它建立了一个谈话基础,那就是薪资应该和能力相匹配它不谈现在的薪资,而是谈未来,一方面表明你对现在的薪资还算满意(以减少主管顾虑),另一方面对主管来讲,他没有立刻给你涨薪的压力;·它体现了你对自己能力提升的渴求,而如果在谈话中出现任何不顺利,你可以把中途把对话结束,根本不提加薪的事情。当然,坏处就是你得隔段时间才能加薪了。跳槽到底为什么说了那么多跳槽不是什么,那跳槽到底为什么呢?求职的本质在跳槽之前,你想过我们为什么要工作么?其实并不是真的如我们父辈们认为的那样,人活着就是要有一份工作的。工作最重要的目的是累积金钱。这是我们在这个现实世界用以维持生计的必需资源。挣钱这件事,至少有四种形式:帮别人挣钱(打工);为自己挣钱(SOHO);雇别人挣钱(企业主);让钱自己挣钱(投资)。为什么我们总是选择第一种呢?因为第一种门槛和风险都最低。而求职只是我们在自己资源和能力不足以进入后几种挣钱形式时,通过出卖自己的劳动能力换取资源的阶段性行为当然,如果能在第一种形式下获得自己满意的物质回报和精神满足,你也可以永远不考虑其他形式,但其他形式在挣钱的效率和数量上是有优势的。这个我们在稍后的章节会细聊。跳槽的意义跳槽其实是打工这种挣钱形态下,我们进行自我调节的方式,通过合理地跳槽,我们可以寻找到市场需求和自我实现的最佳匹配,从而在金钱和成长上双丰收。「市场需求」描述了企业渴求的员工;「自我实现」描述了你想要的生活;当它们重合到起,梦想就照进了现实。这会带给你几年非常愉快的工作生活,但随着我们不断成长,职位和能力可能出现不匹配,这时候我们又需要通过跳槽来再次调节。很多时候,这也是很无奈的事情,不进则退,人在江湖身不由己。跳槽的原则我有一个很好用的跳槽原则,之前发到微博上被赞了上百次:
- 2021-05-07下载
- 积分：1
Vehicle Dynamics Theory and Application
不错的汽车动力学教材，是参与汽车底盘电子开发的动力学基础。Reza n. jazarVehicle DynamicsTheory and ApplicationsSpringerReza n. jazarDept of Mechanical EngineeringManhattan collegeRiverdale. NY 10471ISBN:978-0-387-74243-4e-ISBN:978-0-387-74244-1Library of Congress Control Number: 200794219c 2008 Springer Science+ Business Media, LLCAll rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without thewritten permission of the publisher(Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 SpringStreet, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews orscholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrievalelectronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now knownor hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarksservice marks and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as anexpression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rightsPrinted on acid-free paper987654321springer. comKavoshmy daughter, Vazan,and my wife, MojganHappiness is when you win a race against yourselfPrefaceThis text is for engineering students. It introduces the fundamental knowledge used in vehicle dymamics. This knowledge can be utilized to developcomputer programs for analyzing the ride, handling, and optimization ofroad vehiclesVehicle dynamics has been in the engineering curriculum for more thana hundred years. Books on the subject are available, but most of themare written for specialists and are not suitable for a classroom applicationA new student, engineer, or researcher would not know where and howto start learning vehicle dynamics. So, there is a need for a textbook forbeginners. This textbook presents the fundamentals with a perspective onfuture trendsThe study of classical vehicle dynamics has its roots in the work ofgreat scientists of the past four centuries and creative engineers in thepast century who established the methodology of dynamic systems. Thedevelopment of vehicle dynamics has moved toward modeling, analysisand optimization of multi-body dynamics supported by some compliantmembers. Therefore, merging dynamics with optimization theory was anexpected development. The fast-growing capability of accurate positioninsensing, and calculations, along with intelligent computer programming arethe other important developments in vehicle dynamics. So, a textbook helpthe reader to make a computer model of vehicles, which this book doesLevel of the bookThis book has evolved from nearly a decade of research in nonlineardynamic systems and teaching courses in vehicle dynamics. It is addressedprimarily to the last year of undergraduate study and the first year graduatestudent in engineering. Hence, it is an intermediate textbook. It providesboth fundamental and advanced topics. The whole book can be coveredin two successive courses, however, it is possible to jump over some sections and cover the book in one course. Students are required to know thefundamentals of kinematics and dynamics, as well as a basic knowledge ofnumerical methodsThe contents of the book have been kept at a fairly theoretical-practicallevel. Many concepts are deeply explained and their application empha-sized, and most of the related theories and formal proofs have been explained. The book places a strong emphasis on the physical meaning andapplications of the concepts. Topics that have been selected are of highinterest in the field. An attempt has been made to expose students to aPrefacebroad range of topics and approachese There are four special chapters that are indirectly related to vehicle dy-amics: Applied Kinematics, Applied Mechanisms, Applied dynamics, andApplied vibrations. These chapters provide the related background to understand vehicle dynamics and its subsystemsOrganization of the bookThe text is organized so it can be used for teaching or for self-studyChapter 1"Fundamentals, "contains general preliminaries about tire andrim with a brief review of road vehicle classificationsPart I"One Dimensional Vehicle Dynamics, " presents forward vehicledynamics, tire dynamics, and driveline dynamics. Forward dynamics refersto weight transfer, accelerating braking, engine performance, and gear ratiodesignPart II"Vehicle Kinematics, presents a detailed discussion of vehiclemechanical subsystems such as steering and suspensionsPart IIT"Vehicle Dynamics, employs Newton and Lagrange methodsto develop the maneuvering dynamics of vehiclesPart Iv "Vehicle Vibrations, presents a detailed discussion of vehi-cle vibrations. An attempt is made to review the basic approaches anddemonstrate how a vehicle can be modeled as a vibrating multiple degreeof-freedom system. The concepts of the Newton-Euler dynamics and La-grangian method are used equally for derivation of equations of motionThe RMS optimization technique for suspension design of vehicles is intro-duced and applied to vehicle suspensions. The outcome of the optimizationtechnique is the optimal stiffness and damping for a car or suspended equipmentMethod of presentationThis book uses a fact-reason-application"structure. The "fact"is themain subject we introduce in each section. Then the reason is given as a" proof. The application of the fact is examined in some examples. Theexamplesare a very important part of the book because they show howto implement the facts. They also cover some other facts that are neededto expand the subjectPrerequisitesSince the book is written for senior undergraduate and first-year graduatelevel students of engineering, the assumption is that users are familiar withmatrix algebra as well as basic dynamics. Prerequisites are the fundamentals of kinematics, dynamics, vector analysis, and matrix theory. Thesebasics are usually taught in the first three undergraduate yearsPrefaceUnit SystemThe system of units adopted in this book is, unless otherwise stated, theinternational system of units(SI). The units of degree(deg)or radian(rad)are utilized for variables representing angular quantitiesSymbolse Lowercase bold letters indicate a vector. Vectors may be expressed inan n dimensional Euclidian space. ExamplerCUppercase bold letters indicate a dynamic vector or a dynamic matrix, such as force and moment. ExampleFo Lowercase letters with a hat indicate a unit vector. Unit vectors arenot bolded. ExampleLowercase letters with a tilde indicate a 3 x 3 skew symmetric matrixassociated to a vector. Examplea3211An arrow above two uppercase letters indicates the start and endpoints of a position vector. ExampleON = a position vector from point o to point Ne The length of a vector is indicated by a non-bold lowercase letterExampleCapital letter B is utilized to denote a body coordinate frame. ExampleB(ocgB(Oxyz)B1(o1x19121)ⅹ11PrefaceCapital letter G is utilized to denote a global, inertial, or fixed coordinate frame. ExampleG(XYZG(OXYZRight subscript on a transformation matrix indicates the departureframes. ExampleRB= transformation matrix from frame B(oxyz)Left superscript on a transformation matrix indicates the destinationframe. ExampleRBtransformation matrix from frame B(o cgz)to frame G(OxYZ)Capital letter R indicates rotation or a transformation matrix, if itshows the beginning and destination coordinate frames. Example0BSIn a0Whenever there is no sub or superscript, the matrices are shown in abracket. ExampleCOS asin a osIn aCOs O0e Left superscript on a vector denotes the frame in which the vectoris expressed. That superscript indicates the frame that the vectorbelongs to; so the vector is expressed using the unit vectors of thatEr= position vector expressed in frame G(OXYZ)Right subscript on a vector denotes the tip point that the vector isreferred to. ExamplePsition vector ofexpressed in coordinate frame G(OXYZ)Right subscript on an angular velocity vector indicates the frame thatthe angular vector is referred to. ExampleB= angularof the body coordinate frame B(oxyz)
- 2020-12-12下载
- 积分：1
