PCI Specification 3.0_PCI 3.0 规范
PCI 3.0 规范,英文原版。PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 3.0PCI LOCAL BUS SPECIFICATION, REV.3.0ContentsPREFACESPECIFICATION.……13INCORPORATION OF ENGINEERING CHANGE NOTICES (ECNS)1查音音鲁垂音音13DOCUMENT CONVENTIONS.………14l. INTRODUCTION…151.1. SPECIFICATION CONTENTS······151.2. MOTIVATION……151.3. PCI LOCAL BUS APPLICATIONS1. 4. PCI LOCAL BUS OVERVIEW171.5. PCI LOCAL BUS FEATURES AND BENEFITS……181. 6. ADMINISTRATION…………………202. SIGNAL DEFINITION m...mn.. 212.1 SIGNAL TYPE DEFINITION222.2. PIN FUNCTIONAL GROUPS..…………222.2.1. System Pins……,…,…,,…,…232.2.2. Address and data pins242.2.3. Interface Control Pins........................252.2.4. Arbitration Pins(Bus Masters Only)272.2.5. Error Reporting Pins....垂看d。普音看鲁D指音着音,。音音自。音音音。音自垂272.2.6. Interrupt Pins( Optional)……282.2.7. Additional signals312.2.8.64- Bit bus extension pins( Optiona)…,,……………………………332.2.9. TAG/Boundary scan Pins(Optional).......342. 10. System Management Bus Interface Pins(Optional)352. 3. SIDEBAND SIGNALS362. 4. CENTRAL RESOURCE FUNCTIONS.····:·····.·············363. BUS OPERATION373.1 BUS COMMANDS373.1. Command definition373. 1.2. Command Usage rules393.2. PCI PROTOCOL FUNDAMENTALS423.2.1. Basic Transfer Control····:············.················433.2.2. Addressing.............143.2.3. Byle lane and Byte enable usage……563.2.4. Bus Driving and Turnaround非音垂垂·非573.2.5. Transaction Ordering and posting….583. 2.6. Combining Merging, and Collapsing。。音垂。音62PCI LOCAL BUS SPECIFICATION, REV.3.03.3. BUS TRANSACTIONS……643.3.1. Read transaction……………653.3.2. Write transaction3.3.3. Transaction termination.………….673.4. ARBItRAtION音垂3.4.1. Arbitration Signaling protoco1..…………………893.4.2. Fast Back-to-Back Transactions. .........................................................93.4.3. Arbitration Parking………………………………………93.5 LATENCY953.5.1. Target Latency…….953.5.2. Master Data latency……….….…….,….….…..……..….,983.5.3. Memory Write Maximum Completion Time limit3.5.4. Arbitration Latency3.6. OTHER BUS OPERATIONS……·。垂,音着垂。着音D。。着。D音着音垂。音着D音非非音垂音非·非1103.6.1. Device selection…....…,103.6.2. Special cycle...........3.6.3. IDSEL Stepping…………,,…,…,,…,,…,,,,,………,…1133.6.4. Interrupt acknowledg3.7. ERROR FUNCTIONS春音·。音垂1153.7.. Parity ger1153.7.2. Parity Checking...........………,163.7.3. Address parity errors…...…,…163.7.4.Error Reporting…17173.7.5. Delayed Transactions and Data Parity Errors.......... 203.7.6. Error Recovery.............,213. 8. 64-BIT BUS EXTENSION1233.8.1. Determining bus Width during System initialization.…….…,1263.9.64- BIT ADDRESSING…..…………………………………………1273.10SPECIAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS.1304. ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION.. m.m.9.1374.1. OVERVIEW…1374.1.1. Transition Road Map……1374.1.2. Dynamic vs Static Drive specificalion…1384.2. COMPONENT SPECIFICATION.……,………………,1…………………1394.2.1. 5V Signaling environment1404.2.2. 33V Signaling environment鲁鲁·垂垂1464.2.3. Timing specification1504.2.4.1determinate Inputs and metastable作,…………1554.2.5. Vendor provided specification..,..…,.…………….………17564.2.6. Pinout recommendation157PCI LOCAL BUS SPECIFICATION. REV.3.04.3. SYSTEM BOARD SPECIFICATION.………1584.3.1. Clock skew,…………………1584.3.2.R··1584.3.3. Pull-ups:····.················:·····…1614.3.4Power1634.3.5. System Timing Budget. ...........1644.3.6. Physical requirements............………674.3.7. Connector Pin assignments……/6844. ADD-IN CARD SPECIFICATION1714.4.1.Add- in Card Pin Assignment..,.,.,………………,1714.4.2. Power Requirements….,.,.,.,.,.,.,,.….,764.4.3. Physical requirements.........1785. MECHANICAL SPECIFICATION1815.1. OVERVIEW1812. ADD-IN CARD PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES...........1825.3. CONNECTOR PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION…………………1954. CONNECTOR PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS. ...............................2055. CONNECTOR PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION……………,…2066. SYSTEM BOARD IMPLEMENTATION……………2076. CONFIGURATION SPACEb●看●鲁D鲁0e●2136. 1. CONFIGURATION SPACE ORGANIZATION音垂垂D·垂看垂…2136.2. CONFIGURATION SPACE FUNCTIONS .......................2166.2.1. Device ldentification鲁垂垂2166.2.2. Device Control鲁着鲁D垂2176.2.3. Device status2196. 2.4. Miscellaneous registers·······:········:···:·:··:·:······:··············4······:····2216.2.5. Base addresses……………………….22463. PCI EXPANSION ROMS2286.4. VITAL PRODUCT DATA.2296.5. DEVICE DRIVERS2296.6. SYSTEM RESET.…………………………2306.7. CAPABILITIES LIST2308. MESSAGE SIGNALED INTERRUPTS ...................................................................2316.8.1. MSI Capability Structure..............2326.8.2. MSl-X Capability and Table structures……………….……..2386.8.3. MSI and Msi-X Operation2467. 66 MHZ PCI SPECIFICATION2557. 1. INTRODUCTION2557.2. SCOPE7. 3. DEVICE IMPI TION CONSIDERATIONS7.3.1. Configuration space.......2557. 4. AGENT ARCHITECTURE256PCI LOCAL BUS SPECIFICATION, REV.3.07.5. PROTOCOL.……2567.5.1.66 MHZ ENABLE(M66EN) Pin definition.…………,………,,2567.52Latency..-..-.-2577.6. ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION……………2577.6.. Overview·.·······.··2577.6.2. Transition roadmap to 66 MHz PCI··········.2577.6.3. Signaling Environment.......... 2587.6.4. Timing specification.……2597.6.5. Vendor provided specification. 26.57.6.6. Recommendations·.·························:············:······:········.:··········2657.7. SYSTEM BOARD SPECIFICATION.………,…,……………2667.7.1. Clock Uncertainty ......2667.7.2. Reset2677.7.3. Pullups..2677.7.4. Power..······.·.·::·····布鲁····音D鲁番。是。音垂看····非D∴2677.7.5. System Timing Budget7.7.6. Physical requirements2687.7.7. Connector Pin assi! nments…..,.,.,..,.,.,..,.,.,2697.8. ADD-IN CARD SPECIFICATIONS春音·。音垂2698. SYSTEM SUPPORT FOR SMBUSn2718. 1. SMBUS SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS2718.1.1. Power………278. 2. Physical and Logical sMBi27l8.1.3. Bus connectivit2728.1.4. Master and slave support....….….…..…..…..,2738.1.5. Addressing and Configuration2738.1.6.Ele2748.1.7. SMBus behavior on Pcl reset.........................2748.2.ADD- IN CARD SMBUS REQUIREMENTS…………2758.2.7Connection2758.2.2. Master and Slave Support...,.…..…….…,...….,2758.2.3. Addressing and Configuration……,…,…,……,…,…,…,….….…..….,2758. 2. 4. Power2758. 2.5. Electrical.········.····························275A. SPECIAL CYCLE MESSAGES●鲁●e鲁277A 1. MESSAGE ENCODINGS277A,2. USE OF SPECIFIC ENCODINGS ................................................277B. STATE MACHINES279B. 1. TARGET LOCK MACHINE·;.···.:..···:...···:··.·:····281B.2. MASTER SEQUENCER MACHINE283B 3. MASTER6PCI LOCAL BUS SPECIFICATION. REV.3.0C. OPERATING RULES289C 1. WHEN SIGNALS ARE STABLE..·····.:·.·.::···:·;289C.2. MASTER SIGNALS…音·。·看290C.3. TARGET SIGNALS…291C.4. DATA PHASES…292C.5. ARBITRATION.……………………………………292C.6. LATeNCY······:“·······293C.7. DEVICE SELECTION……………,……………………………293C 8. PARITY垂垂垂D·垂294D. CLASS CODESD 1. BASE CLASS OOH...w.w...296D 2. BASE CLASS OlH296D. 3. BASE CLASS O2H··297D 4. BASE CLASS O3H297D.5. BASE CLASS04H.………………………298D. 6. BASE CLASS OSH298D.7. BASE CLASS06H...………….…………………299D 8. BASE CLASS OZH,300D 9. BASE CLASS OSH.301D.10. BASE CLASS C9H.……………………………………………….301D.11. BASE CLASS OAH.…………………302D 12. BASE CLASS OBH302D. 13. BASE CLASS OCH303D.14. BASE CLASS ODH….…304D. 15. BASE CLASS OEH304D. 16. BASE CLASS OFH·····.····;····:·;:·······304D.17. BASE CLASS JOH.……………………………………………1305D, 18. BASE CLASS 11H305E. SYSTEM TRANSACTION ORDERINGE.I. PRODUCER- CONSUMER ORDERING MODEL308E. 2. SUMMARY OF PCI ORDERING REQUIREMENTS310E.3. ORDERING OF REQUESTS........................................311E.4. ORDERING OF DELAYED TRANSACTIONS…………312E.5. DELAYED TRANSACTIONS AND LOCK#.317E.6. ERROR CONDⅠ TIONS……318. EXCLUSIVE ACCESSES..m.msn0..319F.1. EXCLUSIVE ACCESSES ON PCIF 2. STARTING AN EXCLUSIVE ACCESS321F.3. CONTINUING AN EXCLUSIVE ACCESS323F 4. ACCESSING A LOCKED AGENT324F 5. COMPLETING AN EXCLUSIVE ACCESS325F. 6. COMPLETE BUS LOCK ......................................................................325IO SPACE ADDRESS DECODING FOR LEGACY DEVICES..9.... 327PCI LOCAL BUS SPECIFICATION, REV.3.0CAPABILITY IDS。,0329I. VITAL PRODUCT DATA331VPD FORMAT3I.2COMPATIBILITY……………………………334L.3. VPD DEFINITIONS3341.3.1. VPD Large and small resource Data Tags......·D垂看3341.3.2. VPD Example…3378PCI LOCAL BUS SPECIFICATION. REV.3.0FiquresFIGURE -I: PCI LOCAL BUS APPLICATIONS春DFIGURE 1-2: PCI SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM17FIGURE2-1: PCI PIN LIST.…………..…………21figure 3-1: ADDRESS PHASE FORMATS OF CONFIGURATION TRANSACTIONS...... 48Figure 3-2: LAYOUT OF CONFIG ADDRESS REGISTER, ..............................................50Figure 3-3: HOST BRIDGE TRANSLATION FOR TYPE O CONFIGURATION TRANSACTIONSADDRESS PHASE51FIGURE3-4: CONFIGURATION READ…………156FIGURE3-5: BASIC READ OPERATION………………………65FIGURE 3-6: BASIC WRITE OPERATION66FIGure 3-7: MASTER INITIATED TERMINATION........................ 68FIGURE3-8: MASTER- ABORT TERMINATION…………69Figure 3-9: RETRY. ..........................................................................................................73FiGure 3-10: DISCONNECT WITH DATA. ........................74FiGure 3-11: MASTER COMPLETION TERMINATION:·:····:··.·4····.···…75FiGURE 3-12: DISCONNECT-1 WITHOUT DATA TERMINATION·····76Figure 3-13: DISCONNECT-2 WITHOUT DATA TERMINATION76FiGure 3-14: TARGET-ABORT…177figure 3-15: BASIC ARBITRATIONFIGuRE 3-16: ARBITRATION FOR BACK-TO-BACK ACCESS…94FiGurE 3-17: DEVSEL# AsSERTION·····:···.·:··110Figure 3-1 8: IDSEL STEPPING114FiGure 3-19: INTERRUPT ACKNOWLEDGE CYCLE. ...................................................114FIGURE3-20: PARITY OPERATION………116FIGuRE 3-21: 64-BIT READ REQUEST WITH 64-BIT TRANSFER125FIGURE 3-22: 64-BIT WRITE REQUEST WITH 32-BIT TRANSFER..........126FIGURE 3-23 64-BIT DUAL ADDRESS READ CYCLE129FIGURE 4-1: ADD-IN CARD CONNECTORS...........................138FIGURE4-2:V/ICURⅤ ES FOR5 V SIGNALING.…………………143FIGURE 4-3: MAXIMUM AC WAVEFORMS FOR 5V SiGnaling145FIGURE 4-4: V/I CURVES FOR 3.3V SIGNALING148FIGURE4-5:MAⅹ IMUM AC WAⅤ EFORMS FOR3.3ⅴ SIGNALING………150FIGURE 4-6: CLOCK WAVEFORMS151FIGURE 4-7: OUTPUT TIMING MEASUREMENT CONDITIONS.··4·:······.·154FIGURE4-8: INPUT TIMING MEASUREMENT CONDITIONS…………154FIGURE 4-9: SUGGESTED PINOUT FOR POFP PCI COMPONENT···“···:.···.····:·········157FIGURE4-10: CLOCK SKEW DIAGRAM………158FIGURE 4-1: RESET TIMING16lFIGURE4-12: MEASUREMENT OF TPROP,3.3 VOLT SIGNALING……………166FIGURE 5-1: PCI RAW ADD-IN CARD(3.3V, 32-BIT).183FIGURE 5-2: PCI RAW VARIABLE HEIGHT SHORT ADD-IN CARD(3.3V, 32-BIT)..........184FIGURE 5-3: PCI RAW VARIABLE HEIGHT SHORT ADD-IN CARD(3.3V, 64-BIT)....185FIGURE 5-4: PCI RAW LOW PROFILE ADD-IN CARD(3.3V, 32-BIT)..........186PCI LOCAL BUS SPECIFICATION, REV.3.0FIGURE5-5: PCI ADD-Ⅰ N CARD EDGE CONNECTOR BEⅤEL……187FIGURE56: PCI ADD-IN CARD ASSEMBLY(3.3V)……………………………88FIGURE 5-7: LOW PROFILE PCI ADD-IN CARD ASSEMBLY 3.3V)189FIGURE 5-8: PCI STANDARD BRACKET………190FIGuRE 5-9: PCI LOW PROFILE BRACKET191FIGURE 5-10: PCI STANDARD RETAINER···192FIGURE5-11: IO WINDOW HEIGHT∴………………193FIGURE 5-12: ADD-IN CARD INSTALLATION WITH LARGE IO CONNECTOR.......194FIGURE 5-13: 32-BIT CONNECTOR196FIGURE 5-14: 3.3V/32-BIT CONNECTOR LAYOUT RECOMMENDATION. ........................197FIGURE5-15:3.3V/64-BIT CONNECTOR198FIGURE 5-16: 3.3V/64-BIT CONNECTOR LAYOUT RECOMMENDATION 199FIGURE 5-17: 3.3V/32-BIT ADD-IN CARD EDGE CONNECTOR DIMENSIONS ANDTOLERANCES2(垂D·。垂,音着垂。着音D。。着。D音着音垂。音着音FIGURE 5-18: 3.3V/64-BIT ADD-IN CARD EDGE CONNECTOR DIMENSIONS ANDTOLERANCES….201FIGURE5-19: UNIVERSAL 32-BIT ADD-IN CARD EDGE CONNECTOR DIMENSIONS ANDTOLERANCES………………………………202FIGURE 5-20: UNIVERSAL 64-BIT ADD-IN CARD EDGE CONNECTOR DIMENSIONS ANDTOLERANCES203FIGURE5-21:PCⅠADD- IN CARD EDGE CONNECTOR CONTACTS……204FIGURE5-22: CONNECTOR CONTACT DETAIL………………205FIGURE 5-23: PCI CONNECTOR LOCATION ON SYSTEM BOARD208FIGURE5-24:32- BIT PCI RISER CONNECTOR……209FIGURE 5-25: 32-BIT/3.3V PCI RISER CONNECTOR FOOTPRINT210FIGURE 5-26: 64-BIT/3.3V PCI RISER CONNECTOR211FIGuRE5-27:64-BI/3.3ⅴ PCI RISER CONNECTOR FOOTPRINT∴………212FIGURE 6-1: TYPE OOH CONFIGURATION SPACE HEADER215FIGURE 6-2: COMMAND REGISTER LAYOUT217FIGURE6-3: STATUS REGISTER LAYOUT……………………………219FIGURE 6-4: BIST REGISTER LAYOUT222FIGURE 6-5: BASE ADDRESS REGISTER FOR MEMORY........... 225FIGURE 6-6: BASE ADDRESS REGISTER FOR L/O225鲁着D音看FIGURE 6-7: EXPANSION ROM BASE ADDRESS REGISTER LAYOUT.....,..... 228FIGURE6-8: EXAMPLE CAPABILITIES LIST…….231FIGURE6-9: MSI CAPABILITY STRUCTURES…..……233FIGURE 6-10: MSI-X CAPABILITY STRUCTURE238FIGurE 6-11: MSI-X TABLE STRUCTURE翻音。音239FIGurE 6-12: MSI-X PBA STRUCTURE…239FIGURE 7-1: 33 MHZ PCI VS 66 MHZ PCI TIMING······:··················257FIGURE7-2:3.3 V CLOCK WAVEFORM.…………259FIGURE 7-3: OUTPUT TIMING MEASUREMENT CONDITIONS263FIGURE -4: INPUT TIMING MEASUREMENT CONDITIONS263FIGURE75:TvAL(MAX) RISING EDGE…………264FIGURE 7-6: TVAL(MAX) FALLING EDGE·265FIGURE77:TVAL(MIN) AND SLEW RATE……26510
- 2020-06-05下载
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matlab在时间序列建模预测及程序代码
详细介绍了时间序列建模及预测过程,包括算法,也包括一些matlab工具箱中的代码计算结果表明,时,预测的标准误差较小,所以选取=。预测第月份的销售收入为计算的程序如卜为移动平均的项数由于的取值不同,的长度不一致,下面使用了细胞数组简单移动平均法只這合做近期预测,而且是预测目标的发展趋势变化不人的情况如果目标的发展趋势存在其它的变化,米用简单移动屮均法就会产生较大的预测偏差和滞后。加权移动平均法在简单栘动平均公式中,每期数据在求平均时的作用是等同的。但是,每期数据所包含的信息量不样,近期数据包含着更多关于未来情况的信息。因此,把各期数据等同看待是不尽合理的,应考虑各期数据的重要性,对近期数据给予较大的权重,这就是加权移动平均法的基本思想。设时间序列为加权移动平均公式为十·十∴+式中为期加权移动平均数;为的权数,它体现了相应的在加权平均数中的重要性。利用加权移动平均数来做预测,其预测公式为即以第期加权移动平均数作为第+期的预测值。例我国年原煤广量如表所示,试用加权移动平均法预测年的产量。表我国原煤产量统计数据及加权移动平均预测值表原煤产量三年加权移动平均预测值相对差(%)解取,按预测公式计算三年加权移动平均预测值,其结果列于表中。年我国原煤产量的预测值为(亿吨这个预测值偏低,可以修正。其方法是:先计算各年预测值与实际值的相对误差,例如年为将相对误差列于表中,再计算总的平均相对误差。由于总预测值的平均值比实际值低,所以可将年的预测值修正为计算的程序如下:在加权移动平均法中,的选择,同样具有一定的经验性。一般的原则是:近期数据的权效人,远期数据的权数小。至于人到什么稈度和小到什么程度,则需要按照预测者对序饥的了解和分析来确定。趋势移动平均法简单移动平均法和加权移动平均法,在时间序列没有明显的趋势变动时,能够准确反映实际情况。但当时间序列出现直线増加或减少的变动趋势时,用简单移动平均法和加权移动平均法来预测就会岀现滞后偏差。因此,需要进行修正,修正的方法是作二次移动平均,利用移动平均滞后偏差的规律米建立直线趋势的预测模型。这就是趋势移动平均法。次移动的平均数为+∴在一次移动平均的基础上再进行一次移动平均就是二次移动平均,其计算公式为D下面讨论如何利用移动平均的潛后偏差建立直线趋势预测模型。设时间序列从某时期开始具有直线趋势,且认为末来时期也按此直线趋势变化,则可设此直线趋势预测模型为其中为当前时期数;为由至预测期的时期数;为截距;为斜率。两者又称为平滑系数现在,我们根据移动平均值来确定平滑系数。由模型()可知所以+…十因此由式(),类似式()的推导,可得所以类似式()的推导,可得于是,由式()和式()可得平滑系数的计算公式为例我国年的发电总量如表所示,试预测和年的发电总量。表我国发电量及一、二次移动平均值计算表年份发电总量次移动平均二次移动平均,=解由散点图可以看出,发电总量基本呈直线上升趋势,可用趋势移动半均法来预测。图原始数据散点图取三,分别计算次和二次移动平均值并列于衣中。再由公式(),得于是,得时直线趋势预测模型为预测年和年的发电总量为计算的程序如下:把原始数据保存在纯文本文件中为移动平均的项数趋势移动平均法对于冋时存在直线趋势与厝期波动的序列,是种既能反映趋势变化,又可以有效地分离出来周期变动的方法。§指数半滑法次移动平均实际上认为最近期数据对未来值影响相同,都力权一;而期以前的数据对未来值没有影响,加权为。但是,二次及更高次移动平均数的权数却不是—,且次数越高,权数的结构越复杂,但永远保持对称的权数,即两端项权数小,中间项权薮大,不符合一般系统的动态性。一般说来历史数据对未来值的影响是随时间间隔的增长而递减的。所以,更切合实际的方法应是对各期观测值依时间顺序进行加权平均作为预测值。指数平滑法可满足这一要求,而且具有简单的递推形式指数平滑法根据平滑次数的不同,又分为一次指数平滑法、二次指数平滑法和三次指数平滑法等,分别介绍如下次指数平滑法.预测模型设时间序列为,a为加权系数,
- 2020-12-06下载
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