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MIMO-OFDM系统中的各部分算法MATLAB仿真程序

于 2022-01-25 发布 文件大小:8.84 kB
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应用背景MIMO系统即发送端和接收端采用多天线的系统,起源于天线分集和智能天线技术,它是多入单出(MISO)和单入多出(SIMO)的结合,具有两者的特性。MIMO系统在发端与收端均采用多天线单元,运用先进的无线传输与信号处理技术,利用无线信道的多径传播,建立空间并行传输通道,在不增加带宽与发射功率的情况下,大大的提高通信的质量与速率,达到现代通信领域上的突破。 MIMO系统中的多天线能够同时提供分集增益与复用增益,空时编码(STC)技术是抗信道衰落和提高系统容量的一种新的编码方法,现有的空时编码方法有:空间分集技术和空间复用技术。 空间分集技术,可以对抗信道衰落,提高无线链路的可靠性,并且联合应用多维天线分集与时间分集,获得更好的分集效果,现有的空间分集技术为:空时分组码(STBC)和空时网格码(STTC)。关键技术MIMO(多输入多输出)是指利用多发射和多接收天线进行空间分集的技术,来抑制信道衰落。根据收发两端天线数量,相对于普通的SISO系统,MIMO还可以包括SIMO系统和MISO系统。MIMO采用的是分立式多天线,能够有效地将通信链路分解成许多并行的子信道,从而大大提高系统容量。信息论已经证明:当不同的接收天线和不同的发射天线之间互不相关时,MIMO系统能够很好地提高系统的抗衰落和噪声性能,从而获得巨大的容量。理论证明,信道容量随着天线数量的增加而线性增大,也就是说可以利用MIMO信道成倍地提高无线信道容量,在不增加带宽和天线发射功率的情况下,频谱利用率可以成倍地提高。另外,MIMO技术在提高信道容量的同时也可以提高信道的可靠性,降低误码率。前者是利用MIMO信道提供的空间复用增益,后者是利用MIMO信道提供的空间分集增益。

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