数学建模算法与应用习题答案
这是司守奎黄皮书的习题答案 大家可以参考一下普通高等院校“十二五”规划教材数学建模算法与应用习题解答司守奎孙玺菁张德存周刚韩庆龙编著263所一荤出版北京内容简介本书是国防工业出版社出版的《数学建模算法与应用》的配套书籍。本书给出了《数学建模算法与应用》中全部习题的解答及程序设计,另外针对选修课的教学内容,又给出一些补充习题及解答。本书的程序来自于教学实践,有许多经验心得体现在编程的技巧中。这些技巧不仅实用,也很有特色。书中提供了全部习题的程序,可以将这些程序直接作为工具箱来使用本书可作为讲授数学建模课程和辅导数学建模竞赛的教师的参考资料,也可作为《数学建模算法与应用》自学者的参考书,也可供参加数学建模竞赛的本科生和研究生以及科技工作者使用。图书在版编目(CIP)数据数学建模算法与应用习题解答/司守奎等编著.一北京:国防工业出版社,2013.1普通高等院校“十二五”规划教材ISBN978-7-11808543-3I.①数.Ⅱ.①司.Ⅲ.①数学模型一高等学校—题解Ⅳ.①O141.4-44中国版本图书馆CP数据核字(2013)第001100号囤所社出版发行(北京市海淀区紫竹院南路23号邮政编码100048)北京奥鑫印刷厂印刷新华书店经售开本787×10921/16印张101字数240千字2013年1月第1版第1次印刷印数1—4000册定价25.00元(本书如有印装错误,我社负责调换)国防书店:(010)8854077发行邮购:(010)88540776发行传真:(010)88540755发行业务:(010)88540717前言本书是国防工业出版社出版的《数学建模算法与应用》的配套书籍。《数学建模算法与应用》的前7章、第14章和第15章可以作为选修课的讲授内容,其余部分可以作为数学建模竞赛的培训内容。对于选修课部分的章节,我们又补充了一些习题,并且给出了全部习题的解答及程序设计。习题是消化领会教材和巩固所学知识的重要环节,是学习掌握数学建模理论和方法不可或缺的手段。学习数学建模的有效方法之一是实例研究,实例研究需要亲自动手,认真做一些题目,包括构造模型、设计算法、上机编程求解模型。书中提供了全部习题的程序,因而读者不仅可以从中学到解题的方法,还可以将这些程序直接作为工具箱来使用。对于数学建模的一些综合性题目,本书提供的解答可以作为参考,因为这类题目的解答是不唯一的。作为读者,应该努力开发自己的想象力和创造力,争取构造有特色的模型。作者布望学习数学建模的读者,对于这部分综合性题目不要先看本书给出的解答,可以等自己做出来之后,再与本书解答比较。由于作者水平有限,书中难免有不妥和错误之处,恳请广大读者批评指正最后,作者十分感谢国防工业出版社对本书出版所给予的大力支持,尤其是责任编辑丁福志的热情攴持和帮助。需要本书源程序电子文档的读者,可以用电子邮件联系索取:896369667qqcom,sishoukui@163.comoⅢ目录第1章线性规划习题解答第2章整数规划习题解答……………………………13第3章非线性规划习题解答………………26第4章图与网络模型及方法习题解答…………………33第5章插值与拟合习题解答…56第6章微分方程建模习题解答第7章目标规划习题解答第8章时间序列习题解答……………………………………………87第9章支持向量机习题解答s102第10章多元分析习题解答106第11章偏最小二乘回归分析习题解答…130第12章现代优化算法习题解答136第13章数字图像处理习题解答……………………………143第14章综合评价与决策方法习题解答147第15章预测方法习题解答…………*………………153参考文献………162第1章线性规划习题解答1.1分别用 Matlab和 Lingo求解下列线性规划问题maxzx2x,+x;≤11-4x1+x2+2x3≥3,2x1+x3=1x1,x2,x3≥0解(1)求解的 Matlab程序如下:clc. clearC=[3:-1-’;===a=[1--21;4-1=2];b=[11,-3]’;aeq=[-2.01];beq=1;Ex,y]=linprog(-cs a, b, aeq, beg, zeros(3, 1 ))y=-y8换算到目标函数极大化求得=49,z=2.(2)求解的 Lingo程序如下:modele setsco1:.3/c,x;row:2/blinks( row, col):a;:nse.endsetsdata.a.=1-214-=1-2.;2b=11--3∵,enda三:max=esum( col: C *x)afor(row(i): esum(col(3):a(1 3)*x())
- 2021-05-07下载
- 积分：1
汽车DTC定义
本文档主要定义了汽车故障码，以及汽车故障码的定义。可以帮助大家很快的了解汽车诊断故障码soDs15031-63ContentsForewardIntroduction,…,…,Scope..…n-n-n-……n1Normative references…,2345Terms and definitionsGeneral specifications.…,,,…,,,Format structure5.1 Description256675.2 ISO/SAE controlled codes(core DTCs5.3 Manufacturer controlled codes(non-uniform DTCs)....5.4 Body system groupings85.4.1 B0XXX ISO/SAE controlled542B1 XXX manufacturer contro∥ep∴885. 4.3 B2XXX manufacturer controlled8544B3 XXX reserved by document.…..,,,…,…,…………………85.5Chassis system groupings.85.5.1 COXXX ISO/SAE controlled85.52c1XXXmanufacturercontroled..85.5.3 C2XXX manufacturer controlled8Powertrain system groupings -DTC numbers and descriptions are given in AnnexB. BM,....5.5. 4 C3XXX reserved by document85.65.6.1 POXXX ISO/SAE controlled85.6.2 P1XXX manufacturer control85.63P2XXX|SOSAEcontoed…85.6.4 P3XXX manufacturer controlled and iso/sae reserved5.7Network groupings- dtc numbers and descriptions are given in Annex c5.7.1 UOXXX ISO/SAE controlled5.7.2 U1XXX manufacturer controlled5.7.3 U2XXX manufacturer controlled5.7.4 3XXX reserved88888896Diagnostic trouble code descriptions.……Change requests,.,,,,,,,,,…,…,10Annex a (normative)Diagnostic trouble code naming guidelines11A1 DiscussionAnnex B(normative) Powertrain system diagnostic trouble code...14B. 1 PooXX Fuel and air metering and auxiliary emission controls.14B2P01 XX Fuel and air metering-….…17B.3P02XX Fuel and air metering20B.4P03 XX Ignition system or misfire……………,……,.,…………………………………23B5P04 XX Auxiliary emission controls.……,…,………,……,,……………,………………27B6P05 XX Vehicle speed, idle control, and auxiliary inputs,,,,,,…,…,…,…,…30o Iso 2002- All rights reservedso/D|s15031-6.3B7 P06XX Computer and auxiliary outputs3B.8P07XX Transmission画画画画国面面国面面画画面B国画面画国36B 9P08 XX Transmission…………39B.10P09XXTransmissSion.42B11 P0AXX Hybrid Propulsion..l量amB12 POBXX Reservedn47B13 PoCXX Reserved by Document画B47B14 PODXX Reserved by Document………47B15 POEXX Reserved by documentB16P0 FXX Reserved by d。 cument…,,,,,…,,…47B 17 P10XX Manufacturer controlled fuel and air metering and auxiliary emission controls....... ....47B 18 P11XX Manufacturer controlled fuel and air metering....47B19P12 XX Manufacturer controlled fuel and air metering……….…....….…..….…….…….47B20P13 XX Manufacturer controlled ignition system or misfire…………47B21 P14XX Manufacturer controlled auxiliary emission controls.................47B22 P15XX Manufacturer controlled vehicle speed, idle control,B23 P16XX Manufacturer controlled computer and auxiliary outputs......47B24 P17XX Manufacturer controlled transmission47B.25P18XXManufacturercontro|ledtransmission∴…47B26 P19XX Manufacturer controlled transmission47B27 P20XX Fuel and air metering and auxiliary emission controls48B28 P21XX Fuel and air metering and auxiliary emission controls..m..8…………51B 29 P22XX Fuel and air metering and auxiliary emission controls54B 30 P23XX Ignition system or58B31 P24XX Auxiliary Emission Controls59B32 P25XX Auxiliary Inputs61B33P26 XX Computer& Auxiliary outputs.……63B, 34 P27XX Transmission66B,35 P28XX ISO/SAE reserved69B 36 P29XX Fuel and air metering and auxiliary emission controls69B 37 P30XX Fuel and air metering and auxiliary emission controls69B38 P31XX Fuel and air metering and auxiliary emission controls........69B39P32 XX Fuel and air metering and auxiliary emission controls……………a69B40 P33XX ignition system or misfire69B41 P34XX Cylinder Deactivation...n69B, 42 P35XX ISO/SAE reservedB.43P36XS0SAEeserved.73B.44P37XXSOSAEreserVved173B, 45 P38XX ISO/SAE reserved∴73B, 46 P39XX ISO/SAE reserved73Annex C(normative)Network communication groupings74C,1 U00XX Network electricala74C2 U01XX Network Communication77C,3 U02XX Network Communication80C, 4 U03X Network Software81C 5 U04XX Network Data83o ISo 2002- All rights reservedsoDs15031-6.3ForewardISo(the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies(Isomember bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISo technicalcommittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established hasthe right to be represented on that committee International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, inliaison with Iso, also take part in the work. Iso collaborates closely with the International ElectrotechnicalCommission(EC)on all matters of electrotechnical standardizationInternational Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the iSo/EC Directives, Part 3Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for votingPublication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 of the member bodies casting a voteAttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of iso 15031 may be the subject of patentrights. ISo shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rightsInternational Standard ISo 15031-6 was prepared by Technical Committee ISo/C 22, Road vehiclesSubcommittee SC3, Electric and electronic eguipmentThis second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (1.DIs) dated June 2000 of which has been technicallyrevisedISo 15031 consists of the following parts, under the general title Road vehicles-Communication between vehicleand external test equipment for emissions-related diagnosticsPart 1: Genera/ informationPart 2: Terms, definitions, abbreviations, and acronymsPart 3: Diagnostic connector and related electrical circuits: specification and usePart 4: EXternal test equipment- Part 5: Emissions-related diagnostic servicesPart 6: Diagnostic trouble code definitionso Iso 2002- All rights reservedso/D|s15031-6.3IntroductionIso 15031 consists of a number of parts which taken together provides a coherent self consistent set ofspecifications to facilitate emissions-related diagnostics. Parts 2 through 7 are based on SAE recommendedracticesThis part is based on SAE J2012: MAR99(Recommended Practice for Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions)ISo 15031-1 General information, provides an introduction to the standardMost automobile manufacturers are equipping at least a portion of their product line with some on-board diagnostic(OBD) capability. These systems provide an indication as to the general location of the diagnosed malfunction. Thisinformation is provided through an alphanumeric codeo ISo 2002- All rights reservedDRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDlso/D|s150316.3Road vehicles -Communication between vehicle and externaltest equipment for emissions-related diagnostics- Part 6Diagnostic trouble code definitions1 ScopeThis part of iso 15031 provides some recommended uniformity for alphanumeric trouble codes. It further providesguidance for uniform messages associated with these codesIt specifies several sections addressing format, structure, messages, and a few examples, and is applicable toelectricallelectronic systems diagnostics of motor vehiclesAnnex A specifies the diagnostic trouble code naming guidelines for signals from componentsAnnex B specifies the actual code assignments and description for Powertrain system diagnostic trouble codesAnnex C specifies the actual code assignments and description for network communicationAdditional annexes for body systems and chassis systems are under preparation2 Normative referencesThe following normative documents contain provisions, which through reference in this text, constitute provisions ofthis part of iso 15031. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publicationsdo not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of iso 15031 are encouraged to investigate thepossibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undatedreferences, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of iso and IEC maintainregisters of currently valid International StandardsSo15031-2Road vehicles -Communication between vehicle and external equipment for emissionsrelated diagnostics- Part 2: Terms, definitions, abbreviations, and acronymsSO15031-5Road vehicles- Communication between vehicle and external equipment for emissionsrelated diagnostics- Part 5: Emissions-related diagnostic serviceso Iso 2002- All rights reservedso/D|s15031-6.33 Terms and definitionsFor the purpose of this part of Iso 15031, the following definitions apply. terms and definitions of iso 15031 -1 maybe used to hold definitions of terms used within more than one part of iso 15031. It is not intended to be used forterms and definitions of vehicle component terminology: these may appear in ISo 15031-23.1circuit/openfixed value or no response from the system where specific high or low detection is not feasible or can be used inconjunction with circuit low and high codes where all three circuit conditions can be detectedNOTEThe term"malfunction"has, in most cases, been deleted from the dtC description3.2range/performancecircuit is in the normal operating range, but not correct for current operating conditions, it may be used to indicatestuck or skewed values indicating poor performance of a circuit, component, or system3.3low inputcircuit voltage, frequency, or other characteristic measured at the control module input terminal or pin that is belowthe normal operating range3.4high inputcircuit voltage, frequency, or other characteristic measured at the control module input terminal or pin that is abovethe normal operating range3.5bankspecific group of cylinders sharing a common control sensor, bank 1 always contains cylinder number 1, bank 2 isthe opposite bankNOTE If there is only one bank, use bank #1 DTCs and the word bank may be omitted. With a single"bank"system usingmultiple sensors, use bank #13.6sensor locationlocation of a sensor in relation the engine air flow, starting from the fresh air intake through to the vehicle tailpipe orfuel flow from the fuel tank to the engine in order numbering 1, 2, 3 and so onNOTEsee figures 1-42o ISo 2002- All rights reservedso/Ds15031-63B1 S3B1 S1B1S2(wide range)(heated)CatalystCatalystTail PipeCyl.1 Cylinder Bank 1V6/8/V12 CylinderEngingCylinder Bank 2Exhaust Bank 2analystCatalystTail PipeB2 S12S2(Bank 2- Sensor 1) Bank 2-Sensor 2B2 S3(Bank 2-Sensor 3)Figure 1-V6/v8/12 Cylinder Engine with 2 exhaust banks and 4 Catalysts example1s1(Bank 1- Sensor 1)(Banκ1- Sensor2)CaiystExhaust bankB1 S3yC ylinder bank 1(heatedV6/V8/V12 CylinderCatalystTail PipeEngineC ylinder bank 2Exhaust Bank 2B2 S2(Bank 2- sensor 2)32S1heated(Bank2· sensor1)Figure 2-V6/8/V12 Cylinder Engine with 2 exhaust banks and 3 Catalysts exampleo Iso 2002- All rights reservedso/D|s15031-6.3B1 S3B1 S1B1 S2(Bank 1-Sensor 1)(Bank 1-Sensor 2)(Bank 1-Sensor 3(heated(wide range)(heated)兰∞Sx山CatalystCatalystTail PipeFigure 3-L4/L5/L6 Cylinder Engine with 1 exhaust bank and 2 Catalysts exampleB1 S1B1 S2(Bank 1- Sensor 1)(Bank 1-Sensor 2(wide range)(heated)=2CatalystTail Pipe834Figure 4-L4/L5/L6 Cylinder Engine with 1 exhaust bank and 1 Catalyst example3.7eft/right and front/rearcomponent identified by its position as if it can be viewed from the drivers seating position3.8ABwhere components are indicated by a letter (i.e., A,B, C, etc. this would be manufacturer defined, starting withcomponent A3.9intermittent/erraticthe signal is temporarily discontinuous, the duration of the fault is not sufficient to be considered an open or shortor the rate of change is excessiveo ISo 2002- All rights reserved
- 2020-12-06下载
- 积分：1
