基于高光谱成像的蓝莓内部品质检测 特征波长选择方法研究
在特征波长选取方面有一些创新，可以作为参考。在特征波长选取方面有一些创新，可以作为参考。（基于高光谱成像的蓝莓内部品质检测特征波长选择方法研究古文君1 ，田有文 1* ，张芳1 ，赖兴涛 1 ，何宽1 ，姚萍1 ，刘博林 2）586-482016620010~15mm0.8~2.3g。fone3:(InSpector V10E, Spectral InFinland)1392pix×1040pixCCDL CCD2(IGV-B141OM, IMPERX Incorporated, USA), 150W1. CCD Camera; 2.Spectrometer; 3.Shot; 4. Light source; 5. Samples(3900 Illuminatior, Illumination Tech6.Translationplatform7.Lightsourcecontroller;8.computernologies inc.,USA)、(IRCP0076-19. Translation platform controllerCOM,)、(120cm×50cmx(DELL VoStro 5560D-1528Figure 1 Schematic diagram of hyperspectral imagingcmsystem400~1000nm,4722.8nmRRGY-4(10mm)(DBR45(successive projections algorithm, SPA(stepwise multiple linear regression, SMLR)(SPA)(SMLR)SPASPASMLRSPA-SPA、SMLR_SMLR、SPA- SMLRSMLR-SPA21994-2018ChinaAcadcmicJournalElcctronicPublishingHousc.Allrightsrcscrved.http://www.cnki.nct5871.6BP(error back propagation)BP17(correlation coeffiient of calibration, Re)(root mean square error of calibration set, RMSEC)correlation coeffiient of pre-diction, Rp)(root mean square error of prediction set, RMSEP)ENVI 4.8(Research System Inc, ), MATLAB 2014a(The Math Works Inc)、TheUnscrambler9.7、 Excel2010(Ⅵ icrosoftdgle banddWcvef.BP models for soluble solidsThe selected characteristic wavelengthCurve of relative reflectanceExtract the region of interescontent and firmness prediction2figure 2 Flow chart of data processing280mm,68ms,28mm·s-。99%202.2600nm600nm2b2c)21994-2018ChinaAcadcmicJournalElcctronicPublishingHousc.Allrightsrcscrved.http://www.cnki.nct5884823(2f)BPSavitzky-Golasavitzky -golayTable 1 The effect of different spectra preprocessingCalibration setPredictioSpectrum typeRMSECRMSEPOriginal spcctrum0.933/0.9230.3510.4040.9200.9100.508/0.319MSCThe spectrum after MSC processing0.940/0.9450.56lO.3120.9190.9320.516/0.282SNThe spectrum after SNV processin0.93709340.60210.24309220.9010.6320.462Savitzky-golayThe spectrum after Savitzky-Golay processing 0.955/0.9550.3240.2410.951/0.9490.400/0.2782.5SPA-SPA SMLRSMLR SPA-SMLR SMLR-SPASPA-SPASPASavitzky-GolaySPATable 2 The results of multi-stage characteristic wavelength selection methodnmCharacteristie wavelength selection methodSPA-SPA452,455,470,482,490,785,893,912,921,942,950455,470,482,785,893.912SMLR-SMLR457,508,516,534,543,51,556,568,712,720.774,778508,534,543,712,720,774SPA-SMLR452,455,470,482,490,785,893,912,921,942,950452,470,482,490,893,912SMLR-SPA457,508,516,534,543,551,556,568,712,720,774,78534,7202.6Savilzky-gola(FS)392SPA-SPASMLR-SMLRSMLR-SMLRSMLR-SPABPBP0.001500021994-2018ChinaAcadcmicJournalElcctronicPublishingHousc.Allrightsrcscrved.http://www.cnki.nct589BPBPSPA-SPARp RMseP0.9520.391°Brix,RpRMSEP0.9530.234BrixTable 3 Detection results of soluble solid content and firmness of blueberry based on different multi-stagecharacteristic wavelength selection methodsCalibration setPrediction setCharacteristic selection method Wavelength numberRMSECRMSEP3929550.9550.324/0.2410.9510.9490.400/0.278SPA-SPA0.9590.9560.3180.1530.9520.9530.391/0.234SMLR-SMLR0.9560.9340.414/0.243912109020.559/0.349SPA SMLR0.828/0.8581.3670.58582208091.440/0.719SMLR- SPA20.958/0.9360.402/0.3359320.9280.435/0,4041387nm1229nm91.5%BPRRMSEP0.904215.163lBP3Rv0.84V0.94Rv0.83,SEV0.63。400-1000nmSavitzky-GolayBPSPA-SPASPA-SPA21994-2018ChinaAcadcmicJournalElcctronicPublishingHousc.Allrightsrcscrved.http://www.cnki.nct59048[1 KADER F,ROVEL. B Fractionation and identification of the phenolic compounds of highbush blueberries(Vaccinium corymbosumLUJ].Food Chemistry, 1996,55(1): 35-40「J,2012,33(1):340-342,2017,38(2):301-305.[4 MENDOZA F, LU R, ARIANA D,et al. Integrated spectral and image analysis of hyperspectral scattering data for prediction ofple [ruil firmness and soluble solids conlenl[J] Poslharvesl Biology and Technology, 2011, 62(2: 149-160[5 SUN M J, ZHANG D, LIU L,et al. How to predict the sugariness and hardness of melons a near-infrared [J]. Food Chemistry,2017,218(3:413-42116 SIEDLISKA A, BARANOWSKI P, MAZUREK W, ct al. Classification models of bruise and cultivar detection on the basis of hy-perspectral imaging data[J]. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2014, 106: 66-74[7 LIU D, SUN D W, ZENG X N, el al. Recenl aDvances in wavelength seleclion lechniques for hyperspectral image processing inthe food industry[J]. Food Bioprocess Technol, 2014, 7: 307-323[8 ZHANG C, GUO C T, LIU F,et al. Hyperspectral imaging analysis for ripeness evaluation of strawberry with support vector ma-chine[j] Journal of Food Engincering, 2016, 179: 11-18[9J,2016,47(5:634-6402009,29(:1611-1615201536(12)171-17612]J,2012,32(11:3093309[13] LI B C, HOU B L, ZHANG D W,et al. Pears characteristics (soluble solids content and firmness prediction, varieties) testingInethods based on visible-near infrared hyperspecTral imaging[J]. OpLik, 2016, 127: 2624-2630[14] FAN S X, ZHANG B H,LI J B, et al. Prediction of soluble solids content of apple using the combination of spectra and textural features of hyperspectral reflectance imaging data[J. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2016, 121: 51-61[15 RAJKUMAR P, WANG N,EIMASRY G, et al.Studies on banana fruit quality and maturity stages using hyperspectral imaging[ JIJournal of Food Engineering 2012, 108: 194-200,2015,36(16):10172015,35(8:2297-2302[18]WANG N,2007,23(2:151-155.「192008,39(5):91-9320」201536(10:70-74.[21] WU D, SUN D WAdvanced applications of hyperspectral imaging technology for food quality and safety analysis and assess-ment a review part T[J]. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 2013, 19(4): 1-14J2014,35(8:57-61BP,2012.124」13,44(2):142-146.25],201523(6:1530-1537M011:41-48.[27,2013,24(10:1972-19762010,30(10):2729-2733?1994-2018ChinaAcadcmicJournaleLcctronicPublishingHousc.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnki.nct
- 2020-12-07下载
- 积分：1
RTCM3.3协议全
全新RTCM3.3协议完整版RTCM STANDARD 10403.3DIFFERENTIAL GNSS(GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEMS)SERVICES – VERSION 3DEVELOPED BYRTCM SPECIAL COMMITTEE NO. 104OCTOBER 7, 2016COPYRIGHT©2016 RTCMRadio Technical Commission for Maritime Services1611 N. Kent St., Suite 605Arlington, Virginia 22209-214RTCM Paper 141-2016-SC104-STD000ocRTCMco00c30RTCM 10403. 3, Differential GNSS Global Navigation Satellite Systems)Services- Version 3, October 7, 2016This standard (referred to as version 3 has been developed by rtCm special Committee 104 as a moreefficient alternative to the standards entitled rtcm recommended standards for diffe rentialRecommended Standards for Differential gNss Global Navigation Satellite Systems Service, Version 2.x(Current version is 2. 3, now designated as RTCM 10402. 3. Service providers and vendors represented onthe SC104 Committee wanted a new standard that would be more efficient, easy to use, and more easilyadaptable to new situations. The main complaint was that the version 2. x parity scheme, which useswords with 24 bits of data followed by 6 bits of parity, was wasteful of bandwidth. Another complaint wasthat the parity was not independent from word to word. Still another was that even with so many bitsdevoted to parity the actual integrity of the message was not as high as it should be. Plus, 30-bit wordsare awkward to handle. the new standard version 3 is intended to correct these weaknessesUnlike Version 2. x, this standard does not include tentative messages The messages in Version 3 haveundergone testing for validity and interoperability and are considered to be permanent. amendments tothe standard may change the meaning of reserved bits or provide additional clarifying text, but no changeswill be made in the data fields. Changes will require new messages to be developed. In addition to themessages described in the current standard the committee continues to develop new messages whichare described in separately published amendments and periodically gathered into a new edition of thestandard. RTCM 10403x for dgNSS services is proving useful in supporting highly accurate differentialand kinematic positioning as well as a wide range of navigation applications worldwideNote that Version 3 messages are not compatible with Version 2. x. Since many receivers have beendesigned and programmed for use with Version 2. x messages, rtCm is maintaining both standards0402 3 and 10403, 3 as" standardsVersion 3.0The initial edition consisted primarily of messages designed to support real-time kinematic (RTK)operations. The reason for this emphasis is that rtk operation involves broadcasting a lot of informationand thus benefits the most from an efficient data format. Version 3.0 provided messages that supportGPS and gloNaSs rTK operations including code and carrier phase observables antenna parametersand ancillary system parametersVersion 3. 1(RTCM Standard 10403.1:The next edition, Version 3. 1 (RTCM Standard 10403. 1), incorporated GPS Network Corrections, whichenable a mobile receiver to obtain accurate rtk information valid over a large area. In addition, new GPSand GLoNaSS messages provide orbital parameters to assist in rapid acquisition a Unicode text messageis also provided for the transmission of textual data. Finally a set of messages are reserved for vendorswho want to encapsulate proprietary data in their broadcasts the gps Network Corrections enable amobile receiver to obtain accurate rtk information valid over a large area. the network rtk correctioninformation provided to a rover can be considered as interpolated corrections between the referencestations in the rtk network this interpolation is not perfect and varies with the actual conditions of theatmosphere. A residual interpolation error has to be expected. With sufficient redundancy in the RtKnetwork, the network server process can provide an estimate for residual interpolation errors. Suchquality estimates may be used by the rover to optimize the performance of rtk solutions The values maybe considered by the rover as a priori estimates only with sufficient tracking data available the rovermight be able to judge residual geometric and ionospheric errors itselfVersion 3. 1. Amendment 1:Amendments 1 was an extensive addition that adds rtcm messages containing transformation data andinformation about Coordinate reference Systems. For rtCm data supporting a rtk service, coordinatesare measured within the itrf or a regional realization surve yors and other users of rtk services mustnormally present their results in the coordinates of local datums. Therefore, coordinate transformationsare necessary. by having RTCM messages that contain transformation data and information about theCoordinate reference systems the users of the rtk service can obtain their results in the desired datumwithout any manual operations. the rtk service providers can then ensure that current information forthe computation of the transformations is always used. the convenience of this method will promote theacceptance of rtK servicesVersion 3. 1. amendment 2:Amendment 2 added residual error messages to support the use of Non-Physical or Computed referenceStations in a network rtk environmentVersion 3. 1. amendment 3:Amendment 3 addressed differences in the way gnss receiver manufacturers have implemented carrierphase encoding of some Version 3 messages so that carrier phase observations are in phase for all carrierphases of a specific frequency i e. they correct for quarter cycle phase shifts. others retain the quartercycle offset between the carrier phase observations in the data. this amendment documents the waydifferent manufacturers have handled the phase shift issue and prescribes a uniform approach for futureproducts.∨ersiⅰon3.1, Amendment4:Amendment 4 added sections 3.5.13 on glONASS Network rtK Correction Messages and 3.5. 14 on FKPNetwork Rtk Correction Messages Related revisions were also made elsewhere in the document.Version 3. 1. amendment 5Amendment 5 added section 3. 5. 12 on State Space Representation related revisions are also madeelsewhere in the document, along with some editorial correctionsVersion 3. 2(RTCM Standard 10403.2)Version 3.2 consolidates Version 3. 1 and all five amendments into a new edition, and it adds MultipleSignal Messages (MSM)as well. the Multiple Signal Message (MSm)format generates receiverobservables in the same way for all included satellite systems. the messages include compact and fullmessages for Pseudorange, PhaseRange, Carrier to Noise Ratio (standard and high resolution), andPhaseRangeratea table near the beginning of the standard lists which messages were included in each separate editionand amendment, so it should not be necessary for users to refer to older versions. Multiple signalMessages are a generic format that will be followed for all GNSs systems. version 3 originally consisted ofmessages for GPS and GLONASS, each in their own format Now with the imminent addition of signals forBeiDou, Galileo, and QZSS, as well as new signals provided by modernized GPS and GloNASS satellitesthe need for a consistent generic format became evident. service providers and users are urged to migrateto the MsM messages to make it easier to accommodate new gNss services(See The RTCM Multiple Signal Messages: A New Step in GNSS Data Standardization")Another newmessage is the gloNaSS Bias Information message. This message provides information which is intendedto compensate for the first-order inter-frequency phase range biases introduced by the reference receivercode- phase biasVersion 3.2, Amendment 1:Added Galileo F/NAv Satellite Ephemeris Data(msg. 1045 )and Bds MSM(msgs. 1121-1127)Version 3.2 amendment 2Added qzss ephemeris(msg. 1044 )and QZss MSm (msgs. 1111-1117Version 3. 3(RTCM Standard 10403.3)This new edition adds Satellite-Based Augmentation System Multiple Signal Messages to previouslydopted messages for GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and QzssA new ephemeris message has been added for BeiDou(BDS)and a new I/NAV ephemeris message hasbeen added for Galileo. The new edition also reserves 100 messages be used exclusively by sc104 fornew message developmentFinally, the new edition makes consolidates previous amendments and makes numerous editorialImprovementsNavstar GPS Service, Version 2. x. Service providers and vendors represented on the scco000c30z1O2co00c30Contentsco00c30
- 2020-06-27下载
- 积分：1
